桂西地区壮族新生儿听力筛查初筛通过率影响因素分析

Analysis of root causes affecting preliminary screening pass rate in neonatal otoacoustic hearing screening for Zhuang nationality newborns in Western Guangxi

目的对桂西地区壮族新生儿听力筛查初筛通过率影响因素的分析,探讨该地区壮族新生儿听力筛查初筛通过率的影响因素与相关报道是否一致,为是否要制定该地区特定的听力筛查标准提供参考。方法选取2011年4月-2011年12月我院产科活产并接受耳声听力筛查壮族新生儿218例为对照组。同期在本院新生儿病房住院并接受耳声听力筛查的壮族新生儿354例为观察组。采用PEMS 3.1软件对两组听力初筛耳别、性别及疾病(窒息、早产、黄疸)影响的通过率的各项数据进行χ2检验。结果观察组与对照组新生儿右耳、女性、窒息的听力初筛通过率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。而观察组新生儿左耳、男性、早产、黄疸的听力初筛通过率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。另外对照组组内比较左耳与右耳,男孩与女孩,以及早产、窒息、黄疸不同疾病之间新生儿听力初筛通过率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组组内比较左耳与右耳,男孩和女孩的新生儿听力初筛通过率差异亦无统计学意义,但早产、室息、黄疸不同疾病之间新生儿听力初筛通过率差异有统计学意义。结论桂西地区壮族新生儿听力筛查初筛通过率与相关文献报道有所区别,这与我地区壮族人群为主要人种有一定关系,所以是否要制定我地区特定的听力筛查标准还有待进一步研究。

Objective To analyze the causes affecting screening pass rate in neonatal preliminary otoacoustic hearing screening for Zhuang nationality newborns in Western Guangxi,and to explore whether the affected causes coincided with the results of relating literature reported,so as to provide evidences for the necessity of drafting hearing screening standards for this area.Methods 218 neonates as controls were selected from live births in Obstetrics Department of Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities from April 2011 to December 2011,which all the live newborns of Zhuang nationality had received otoacoustic hearing screening.At the same time,354 hospitalized neonates of Zhuang nationality had received otoacoustic hearing screening were chosen as observation group.The PEMS3.1 software was used to perform the chi-square test for analyzing the pass rates caused by ear side,gender and diseases(asphyxia,premature birth,jaundice) in neonatal preliminary otoacoustic hearing screening in both groups.Results Compared observation group to control group,the pass rates of neonatal right sides,female and asphyxia in preliminary otoacoustic hearing screening had no statistical differences(P>0.05).In the observation group,the pass rates of neonatal left sides,male,premature birth and jaundice in preliminary otoacoustic hearing screening were statistically lower than the control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Additionally,in the control group,comparison of the pass rates between left ear and right ear,between boys and girls,among premature birth,asphyxia and jaundice,there were no statistical differences(P>0.05).In the observation group,comparison of the pass rates between left ear and right ear,between boys and girls,there were no statistical differences(P>0.05),but among neonates with premature birth,asphyxia and jaundice,there were statistical differences(P<0.05).Conclusion The pass rate in neonatal preliminary otoacoustic hearing screening for Zhuang nationality newborns in Western Guangxi differed slightly from literature results,this may be associated with the main race of Zhuang nationality,further study will be done for whether it is necessary for drawing up certain hearing screening standards in this area.