元末士大夫视野中的农民战争及其思想意义

The Scholar-officials’ View on Late Yuan Dynasty’s Peasant War and its Ideological Significance

元末农民战争期间,士大夫围绕国家之兴亡、民生之否泰和自我之命运等时代命题,对农民战争进行了深刻反思和自觉总结。一方面,他们恪守正统观念、忧患意识和忠义精神,对农民起义抱持着刻骨铭心的仇恨心理,并渴望天下承平,社会安定。另一方面,基于对礼法秩序、兴衰治乱、天道人心的深刻体认,他们明确而尖锐地评述了元末时势,并向统治者发出警戒,展示了其复杂的心理状态、价值取向和政治诉求,具有十分重要的思想意义。

During the late Yuan Dynasty＇s Peasant War period, scholar-officials introspected and summarized He topics of times such as survival of country, people＇s livelihood and destiny of their own. On one side, they scrupulously abide by orthodoxy, the ideas of suffering awareness, loyalty and righteousness. So they showed hostility towards the peasant uprising. They were wager for 1he peace of world and the stability of society. On the other side, based on the observation to etiquette, governance and aspirations of the people at that time, they commented the current situation of the later Yuan dynasty clearly and sharply, and warned the rulers. It showed their complicated state of mind, values and political aspirations, which had extremely important ideological significance