中国君主制(封建)社会漫长的主体性因素辨析

An Analysis of the Subjective Factors of Chinese Long Monarchy (Feudal) Society

关于中国君主制(封建)社会漫长的原因,学者大都从政治、经济、文化、社会等方面进行分析,很少见从构成其社会主体的士农两个阶层进行分析。人是社会精神财富和物质财富的创造者,也是文化的承载者和传播者。因此,历史是离不开人的参与,特别是离不开社会主体的参与。通过对中国君主制(封建)社会主体的士农两个阶层特性的分析,笔者发现士大夫的依附性与批判性、农民阶级的依赖性与反抗性是这个社会得以长期存在的不可忽视因素。

Most scholars analyze the long monarchy society from the perspectives of politics, economy, culture and society. They seldom do it from the main bodies of society. They arc scholar-bureaucrats and farmers. People are the creator of the social material wealth and spiritual wealth. They are also the cultural carrier and communicators. Through the analysis of Chinese monarchy （feudal）, it is found that the dependency and criticalness of the scholar-burcancrats, the dependency and resistance of the farmers are long and undeniable factors in the society.