国外抗Ug99小麦种质及国内品种抗秆锈性鉴定与评价

Identification and evaluation of resistance to stem rust in exotic Ug99-resistant wheat germplasm and domestic varieties

为预防强毒小种Ug99(TTKSK)及其突变菌株入侵我国引起小麦秆锈病流行、挖掘抗性资源和选育持久性抗病新品种,选用我国小麦秆锈菌主要小种21C3CTH、21C3CFH和34MKG对国外抗Ug99的78个小麦品种(系)和国内142个小麦品种进行田间成株期抗性鉴定,并利用SSR分子标记检测抗Ug99基因Sr22和Sr25在国内小麦品种中的分布。结果表明,国外品种(系)对供试单一小种的抗性频率分别为73.08%、84.62%和97.44%,表现全抗的为71.79%。国内品种对供试单一小种的抗性频率分别为57.04%、62.68%和66.2%,表现全抗的为50.7%,分子标记检测未检出抗病基因Sr22和Sr25。

To prevent the eruption of wheat stem rust after possible invasion of Ug99 and its mutant strains to China, it is necessary to mine new resistant resources of wheat to the disease and breed new cultivars for durable resistance. Three Chinese common races, i. e. 21C3CTH,21C3CFH and 34MKG, of Puccinia grarninis f. sp. tritici were chosen to test 78 CIMMYT-Ug99-resistant wheat germplasm and 142 domestic varieties for the resistance at adult plant stage. In addition, the SSR markers of Ug99-resistant genes Sr22 and Sr25 were used to detect whether the domestic ones contain them. The results for CIM- MYT ones were indicated that the resistance percentage to single races was73.08%, 84.62% and 97.44%, respectively, and that to all of the races, 71.79%. The results for all of the domestic ones showed that the resistance percentage to single races was 57.04% , 62.68% and 66.2%, respectively, and that to all the races, 50.7%, and there were no Sr22 and Sr25 found through the detection.