法庭互动中的转述言语行为

Speech Reporting in Courtroom Interactions

法庭互动中,转述是一种创造性、建构性、策略性的言语行为。它具有直接引语、间接引语、自由间接引语和言语行为的叙事转述四种基本形式,同时还具有间接引语与直接引语混用或嵌套的混合模式。转述语的声音来源有自我、第三方、互动参与对方以及对话的多(双)方等广泛来源。在转述者的交际目的、原述语的可及性以及转述者和被转述者之间身份和权力关系等因素影响下,转述语的忠实度呈"虚构"到"复制"连续统。话语功能上,转述言语行为具有证据、评价、责任分离和作为言谈基础等功用。

In courtroom interactions, speech reporting is a creative, constructive and strategic speech act. It can be presented in forms of direct speech, indirect speech, free indirect speech or narrative report of speech act. The four types of reporting are usually used separately, and some- times direct speech and indirect speech are used in patterns of blending or embedding. The voice of reported speech embraces that of self, the third party, the interlocutors and the dual or multiparty in dialogue. The faithfulness of reported speech, upon the effect of the goal of reporter, the accessibili- ty of original speech and the interrelation between reporter and the reported, falls along a continuum from reduplication to invention. Speech reporting serves the functions of evidence, evaluation, dis- sociating responsibility and base of the coming utterance in courtroom.