儿童性侵案件侦审问题与对策

Problems and Countermeasures Concerning the Investigation into Child Sexual Assaults

儿童性侵害案件因其特殊性质,固难以在被害人身上采到完整或具体之证据,惟如检警人员善尽调查、查证、搜证、采证、举证与论证之能事,依旧可以将犯罪者绳之以法。为求提升侦办儿童性侵案件的能力,侦查人员宜精进有关儿童认知与心理方面的专业知识,取得询问儿童的专业认证。检警机关应建构本土性的性侵害被害儿童标准化的询问作业及供述效度评估量表,针对不同类别之性侵案件,归纳出犯罪者类型、犯罪者特质、犯罪手法、相对伤痕、对应证据、被害者类型、被害者年龄、被害情境、可疑征候、被害后之异常行为与心理反应等等,彼此之间的对应、甚至因果关系,至少应制定检核表,以利受理与侦查。关于儿童被性侵案件,似宜将儿童再细分为幼儿园阶段与小学阶段两类,以符侦审需要。

Because of the special characteristics of child sexual assaults,it is difficult to collect intact or specific evidences from the victims.But if the prosecutors or police do well in investigation,checking,searching for,collecting,giving evidences and testification,the criminals will be brought to justice.In order to improve abilities to investigate the child sexual assaults,the investigators should learn knowledge about the children and their psychology and get professional certificates regarding child enquiry.Procuratorates and police agencies should set up local standardized enquiry procedures and offer assessment forms so as to target different types of sexual assaults to determine the criminal type,features,modus operandi,injuries or scratches,related evidences,victim type,age,details,suspicious signs,abnormal behaviors,psychological reactions and so on,whether they are matched or not,their cause and effect,examination forms,which will facilitate the case disposal and investigation.Furthermore,after the children begin schooling,their cognitive and expressive capabilities will be greatly improved.When it comes to child sexual assaults,it is better to further categorize kids into kids at kindergartens and at elementary schools to satisfy the needs of investigation.