氮肥运筹对垄作小麦生理特性和产量的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Application on Physiological Characteristics and Grain Yield of Winter Wheat under Raised Bed Planting

选用济麦22和洲元9369两个品种研究了氮肥不同基追比对垄作小麦生理特性及其产量的影响。氮肥总施用量合纯N 180 kg/hm2,基施、追施的氮肥比例分为全部基施(A)、基追比1∶2(B)、基追比2∶1(C)、全部追施(D)、不施氮肥(CK)。结果表明:灌浆期,处理B的叶面积指数较其它处理高,SPAD值较其它处理优势明显且稳定,后期衰退缓慢,旗叶光合速率在各处理中也是较高的。最后两品种的测产也表明,处理B(基追比1∶2)是最佳的氮肥运筹方式,小麦产量最高。

With the wheat cuhivars of Jimai 22 and Zhouyuan 9369 as materials, the effects of different nitrogen application ratios as basal and topdressing fertilizer on physiological characteristics and grain yield of winter wheat under raised bed planting were studied. Five nitrogen application ratios were set, viz. , A （ all as basal N fertilizer）, B （ basal N fertilizer： topdressing N fertilizer = 1 ： 2）, C （ basal N fertilizer： topdressing N fertilizer = 2：1 ）, D（ all as topdressing N fertilizer） and CK （no N fertilizer application）. Total of 180 kg/hm2 pure nitrogen was applied in all the treatments except CK. The results showed that the treatment B could in- crease the LAI and SPAD value obviously at grain filling stage compared to the other treatments; the leaf se- nescence was slower during the late stage, and the net photosynthetic rate of wheat flag leaf was also higher. So the final yield of treatment B was much higher than that of the other treatments. In conclusion, the treat- ment B was the optimum nitrogen application method for winter＇ wheat under raised bed planting.