试述经外奇穴历史沿革

Successive Changes of the History on Non-meridian Extra Acupoint

奇穴[1]是指既有一定的名称,又有明确的位置,但未归入或不便归入十四经脉系统的腧穴。这类腧穴的主治范围比较单纯,多数对某些病证有特殊疗效,因而未归入十四经脉系统,故又称"经外奇穴"。历代对奇穴记载不一,也有一些奇穴在发展过程中被归入经穴。本文通过查阅相关文献,试图对经外奇穴的源流进行初步的总结,对长期以来存在争议的经外奇穴的内涵予以初步分析,归纳经外奇穴研究中出现的问题并尝试给出相应的解决方法。拟从经外奇穴之历史、内涵与延伸以及讨论三方面进行介绍,以期对经外奇穴归经工作提供一定的参考和借鉴。

Extra-points refer to a category of acupoints which have the clear name and definite location, but have not been classified into the fourteen meridians system. Their therapeutic range is simple, and most of them have special curative effects on certain diseases. They are also called Non-meridian Extra Acupoint . We had looked up the relevant literature records, tried to summarize the history of extra points, and analyzed their connotations which had been in dispute for a long time. We intended to investigate the three aspects of extra points： the history, connotation and extended discussion on them.