化工流化床技术在铀燃料循环工业中的应用

Review on application of fluidized bed technology in industry of uranium fuel cycle

阐述了化工流化床技术在铀燃料循环工业各个过程中的具体应用,包括铀矿石浸析、铀化学转化、铀同位素富集、水堆燃料元件制备、高温气冷堆燃料元件制造、乏燃料后处理、铀燃料工业三废处理以及新型流化床核反应堆概念设计等过程。概述了各种应用流化床的类型和构造,结合具体应用过程评价了各种流化床的设计特性和优缺点,展望了流化床技术在铀燃料循环工业中的未来发展方向和广阔应用前景。指出必须结合我国核电快速发展的新趋势和新要求,加大针对铀燃料工业中的流化床应用技术研究,特别是气固流化床的基础研究工作。

The fluidized bed applications involved in all processes of the uranium fuel industry, including uranium ore leaching, the uranium chemical conversion, enrichment of uranium isotopes, fabrication process of fuel elements of water reactors and high temperature gas cooled reactors, spent fuel reprocessing, nuclear fuel industrial waste treatment, as well as the fluidized bed nuclear reactor design process, were introduced and reviewed. A variety of fluidized bed type, structure, and the advantages and disadvantages were summarized, the specific design processes of the fluidized bed were also included in this paper. The extensive applications of the fluidized bed in the uranium fuel industry and possible development area in the future were proposed. This paper is helpful in the development of better study on the scope and basis of the fluidized bed technology applications in the industry, and provides references to the interdisciplinary research in the uranium fuel industry.