核壳结构低铂催化剂：设计、制备及核的组成及结构的影响

Catalyst with core-shell structure and low platinum loading:A review on their design,preparation and the effects of core structure and composition on catalyst performance

核壳结构低铂催化剂具有可大幅提高贵金属铂的利用率、有效降低燃料电池铂使用量及成本的重要特点,被誉为质子交换膜燃料电池大规模商业化的希望之所在,相关研究已成为燃料电池领域最为热门的课题之一。本文综述了近年来提出的各种高性能核壳结构催化剂的设计思路及新型制备技术,介绍了各种不同组成和结构的核壳结构催化剂性能及特点以及在核壳结构催化剂表征技术方面的最新进展。最后对核壳结构催化剂制备技术的发展和应用前景进行了展望:通过发展或改进制备工艺,制备各种形貌组成可控以及高活性低Pt载量的核壳结构催化剂,有望实现质子交换膜燃料电池商业化。

Core-shell structured catalyst is recognized as a promising catalyst for large scale commercialization of PEM fuel cells,as it can significantly enhance the utilization of precious platinum,reduce the amount of platinum catalyst used and sharply save the cost of fuel cells.Investigation on core-shell structured catalyst is becoming one of the hottest topics in fuel cell field.This paper is aimed to introduce the latest developments and achievements on the design,preparation technology,and investigations on the effects of core composition and structure on the performance of core-shell structured catalyst,as well as the latest development of characterization techniques for core-shell structure.Furthermore,prospects for the development of new preparation technology and the application of this type catalyst are discussed.Research directions are suggested to advance the future works in this field,i.e.,it is expected to achieve the commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cell through the development or improvement of the preparation process of the core-shell structured catalysts with controllability on morphology,high activity and low Pt platinum loading.