自组装法制备微/纳米结构苯胺低聚物的研究进展

Research progress of micro/nanostructured oligoanilines formed by self-assembly

介绍了一类新颖的可溶电活性材料——微/纳米结构苯胺低聚物。阐述了苯胺低聚物纳米纤维、微球、纳米片等微/纳米结构的自组装制备方法。从嵌段共聚物组装、软模板合成以及重结晶/沉积这三大自组装手段概述了国内外自组装法制备微纳米结构苯胺低聚物及其相关性质的研究进展,分析了各种自组装手段的优缺点。指出微/纳米结构苯胺低聚物今后的研究方向为:寻找组装过程简单、形貌易控的制备方法,提高目标产物的光电性能以及在保证苯胺低聚物电导性的同时提高低聚物的稳定性。

As a new class of soluble and electroactive materials, micro/nanostructure oligoanilines are presented in this paper. The oligoaniline micro/nanostructures, such as nanofibers, microspheres, and nanoplates formed by self-assembly are discussed. Furthermore, control of nanostructures could be achieved by using the three fundamental strategies of amphipbilic assembly, template synthesis, and crystallization/precipitation. The research progress of the three fundamental strategies for micro/nanostructure oligoanilines is reviewed. The advantages and possible drawbacks are discussed. The development trends of the self-assembly of the micro/nanostructure oligoanilines are proposed： a general simple method for self-assembly of oligoaniline micro/nanostructures with well-defined and controlled morphologies, a way to improve their optoelectronic properties and maintain the relatively high stability at the same time.