边疆少数民族地区大学生民族认同与民族区分的关系模型

Relation Model of Ethnic Identity and Ethnic Distinction for College Students in the Minority Frontier Areas

运用结构方程模型探寻边疆少数民族大学生民族认同和民族区分的关系。采用大学生民族认同问卷对265名大学生进行问卷调查。结果发现:①民族认同和民族区分之间存在显著的正相关关系(P<0.05或P<0.01或P<0.001);②汉族和少数民族学生对本民族之外的民族区分态度和行为差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);③民族认同对民族区分有直接而显著的预测作用(P<0.05或P<0.001)。由此可见:个体对本民族(中华民族)的高度认同和外民族(国外民族)的低区分联系在一起;民族认同的排他性(民族区分)受个体所处的情境以及个体间的竞争性等因素影响。

The relation model of ethnic identity and ethnic distinction for college student in the minority frontier areas were studied with structural equation model. Two hundred and sixty five questionnaires on college student＇s identity were given to college students. The results showed： There was a positive correlation between ethnic identity and ethnic distinction （P〈0.05, or P〈0.01, or P〈 0.001 ）. In terms of ethnic distinction, Han and minority students had significantly different attitude and behaviour to people other than their own ethnic group （P 〈0.05）. Ethnic identity had a direct and obvious predictive effect on ethnic distinction （P〈0.05, or P〈0.001 ）. Therefore, high ethnic identity to one＇s own ethnic group （Chinese people） is linked with low ethnic distinction （foreign nation） of other ethnic groups. The exclusive nature of ethnic identity （ethnic distinction） is influenced by factors of living environment and competition between individuals.