国外教师教育领域实施问题导向学习评析

Review of Problem-based Learning Implemented in Foreign Teacher Education

问题导向学习(PBL)是以学习者为中心的教学方法,它以结构不良的、真实的问题为核心展开教学,教师是学生学习尤其是元认知思维发展的促进者。PBL在国外教师教育课程中的运用主要是以"七步跳跃"模式为依据。PBL对教师教育的积极影响为:提高师范生解决问题的能力,加强师范生高层次思维的训练,缩短新教师入职适应期,促使教师教育者改变传统教学方式,提高教学质量。PBL在教师教育的运用中也存在一定问题,在实施PBL之前要充分考虑主要的影响因素。

Problem-based Learning （PBL） is a learner-centered instructional approach. It takes the ill- structured and real-world problems as the core of teaching.Teachers guide the learning process as a facilitator especially in the process of students＇ development of meta - cognition. PBL implemented in foreign teacher education is mainly based on ＇Seven Jump＇ model. The positive influence of PBL to teachers include improving normal students abilities to deal with problems and engage in high- level thinking training, shortening the adaptation period, and prompting teacher educators to change the traditional teaching methods to improve teaching quality. However, there are some challenges for PBL. So instructors adopting a PBL approach should fially consider the main factors in PBL.