横贯性与全球化时代多元文化的哲学之争

Transversality and the Philosophical Politics of Multiculturalism in the Age of Globalization

我们今天生活在一个处于全球化进程中的多元文化世界。我们不是"一"而是"多"。应该用"全球地域化"这样一个新词来替代根植于地域的"全球"概念。哲学或"世界哲学"的目标是反思世界的现实性。"横贯性"("transversality"或"trans(uni)versality")这一新概念试图克服或超出西方现代性——尤其是西方"启蒙精神",其知识形态是与西方借普遍性的名义在哲学上数百年的统治地位共生的。横贯性反对任何形态的种族中心主义,它涵盖了跨文化、跨种类、跨学科的诸多现象,这些现象超出了人性与自然、身与心、东方与西方的分立。横贯性的世界是差异的无尽之旅,其语言中散布着"inter-"、"con-"、"trans-"之类的前缀,它从被现代主义者黑格尔奉为其辩证法之政治"目的"的主权民族国家中获得重生。横贯性的世界与诸多勾连和混杂现象无限融合在一起,走向一种世界大同。

Today we are living in the globalizing world of multiculturalism. We are not 'One' but 'Many'. Ambiguity is a necessary condition of plurality. They are twins, as it were. Thus today’s real world is not one world with one government if it is possible. We should use the new word 'glocalization' to replace 'globalization' rooted in region: the world is empty without region; and region is blind without the world. The aim of philosophy, or properly speaking, the aim of world philosophy is to reflect on the reality of the world. The central issue of this essay, therefore, is the neologism 'transversality' or 'trans(uni)versality' which intends to overcome or to go beyond the limits of Western modernity, especially the 'Enlightenment spirit' whose knowledge has been going with the domination of Western philosophy in the guise of universality for many centuries. In short, transversality is a phoenix risen from the ashes of universality. As a matter of fact, transversalsity totally rejects any form or shape of ethnocentrism whether it is Eurocentrism, Sinocentrism, Indocentrism, Afrocentrism or Latinocentrism. Moreover, transversality encompasses intercultural, interspecific, and interdisciplinary phenomena. They are beyond the separation between humanity and nature, mind and body, East and West and distinguish academic disciplines from each other by confirming the Sinic logic that yin and yang are complementary. The world of transversality is an endless journey of difference, and its language is full of such prefixes as 'inter', 'con', and 'trans'. In the final analysis, it has risen from the ashes of sovereign nation-states that the modernist Hegel deified as the political telos of his dialectic. The transversal world is endlessly fused with hyphenations and hybridities, and goes toward cosmopolis.