从符号学定义艺术

Defining Art in the Perspective of Semiotics

定义艺术,是一个当代世界难题。赵毅衡教授从符号学角度为艺术所下的否定性定义("艺术不是什么"),确实澄清了艺术理解中长期存在的混淆。然而,一个核心问题依然被悬搁:艺术符号的艺术意义到底是什么。另外,纯粹自然物、现成人工产品、"泛艺术化"是否是艺术,"艺术展示"本身到底是怎么回事,用它去解释一些"艺术实践",是否合理等,依然是问题。我们认为,只有在有效区分直觉体验、美感体验与艺术体验,深入追问意义范畴的含义的基础上,主要从目的—价值层面而非从理解—认知层面的意义维度,才能有效定义艺术,给予艺术符号的"艺术意义"以正面解答。

It has been a global tickler to define art today. In Semiotics （2011 ）, Professor Zhao Yiheng attempts to give art a negative definition in the perspective of semiotics ： art as unnatural signs, art as not to express practical meanings, and art as non-extensionality. Undoubtedly, the definition clarifies long-standing confusions in understanding art. However, the principal question that what the artistic meanings of the artistic signs are has not been answered directly. Moreover, we can still raise following questions： whether the natures, the ready-made products, and the pan-aestheticization are art？ What does ＂art exhibition＂ mean？ Is it reasonable to interpret art in the light of ＂art exhibition＂7 In my opinion, we can define art and interpret the artistic meanings of the artistic signs effectively only when we differentiate among aesthetic experience, the experience of the beautiful, the expelience of art, and clear up the category of meaning which tells us that we had better understand the category of the meaning mainly from the point of view of value, but not mainly from cognitive level.