收入、预期与公众主观幸福感——基于中国问卷调查数据的实证研究

Income, expectation and public subjective happiness-Empirical study based on China survey data

本文利用2012年中国公众主观幸福感问卷调查数据,运用有序概率模型进行实证分析,考察绝对收入、相对收入和预期对公众主观幸福感的影响。研究结果显示:(1)绝对收入与公众幸福感呈倒"U"型关系,"幸福悖论"在我国已经出现;(2)相对收入对公众主观幸福感有显著促进作用,其效果强于绝对收入;(3)预期对于中、低收入群体的主观幸福感具有显著正向作用。因此,增加居民的绝对收入,不断缩小贫富差距,保持收入相关政策的连续性和稳定性,对于提升公众主观幸福感具有重要意义。

We use the survey data of Chinese public subjective happiness, adopt ordered probability model to conduct em- pirical analysis, and examine the influence of absolute income, relative income and expectation on public subjective happiness. The results show that： （ 1 ） absolute income has an inverted U - shaped relationship with public happiness, and＂happiness paradox＂ has emerged in China. （2） Relative income has obviously positive effects on public subjective happiness, and its effects seem stronger than absolute income. （3） Expectations have significantly positive effects on the subjective happiness of middle and low income groups. As a resuh, it is of great importance to increase residents＇ absolute income, shorten income gap constantly, and keep continuity and stability of relative policies so as to improve public happiness.