承继还是革命--唐朝政权建立及其历史叙事

Succession or Revolution:The Political Discourse and Historical Narrative in Early Tang Dynasty

衆所周知,和楊隋政權一樣,李唐皇室出身北周宇文泰一系的關隴集團,然而,從李淵武德開國,到李世民貞觀立國,兩代之間對前朝,即隋代的態度卻截然有別。本文通過相關史料的排比與釋讀,試圖呈現高祖、太宗兩代帝王在位三十餘年間歷史發展中的具體而微的政治情境轉折,及其引發的官方輿論策略、歷史敍事風格的調整與變化,即由强調天命與出身,到頌揚革命與勳功,再到編織祥瑞與正統的三個階段。由此也可以看出,《魏書》的重修與不修、《隋書》與《晉書》的風格差異,都明確地呼應着特定歷史背景下執政者具體的政治訴求,揭示出這一點,將有益於我們更加深入地把握唐朝初年政局的變動和走向。

A number of significant changes or shifts of emphasis in the regime legitimacy and history writing activity performed by the first two Tang emperors,Gaozu and Taizong,have their specific background and goals. These changes and shifts of emphasis which deserve much deep analysis are the main arguments of this article. Emperor Gaozu,the founder of Tang Dynasty,obtaining the power by means of Sui ruler's abdication,regarded Tang Regime as the successor of the northern Zhou and Sui Dynasty,however,Emperor Taizong,who got the throne depending on his battle achievement and armed coup,considered his authority revising the cruel regime of the previous dynasty,namely a total revolution. Those two Emperors' different attitudes, which separately responded specific realistic questions during each reign,also generated significant influence on the official history writing of the past ages.