不同灌溉方式下冬小麦耗水规律及产量的试验研究

Experimental Study on the Water Consumption Characteristic and Yield of Winter Wheat under Different Irrigation Methods

分析了传统平作畦灌和垄作沟灌对冬小麦耗水规律、产量和水分生产率的影响。结果表明,与传统平作相比,垄作冬小麦降雨利用率提高11.08%～13.19%;同一水分处理,垄作沟灌冬小麦日耗水量明显小于传统平作;2种灌溉方式下,拔节—抽穗期和返青—拔节期耗水量最多,约占全生育期耗水量的50%;日耗水量在抽穗—灌浆期达到峰值;随灌水次数和灌溉量增加,各处理下耗水量显著增加,产量和水分生产率先增加后减少;垄作种植模式节水40%,增产392～776kg/hm2,水分生产率以灌3水处理下最大(2.08kg/m3)。

The effects of the traditional flat border irrigation and ridge furrow irrigation on winter wheat yield,water consumption law and water productivity were analyzed. The results showed that： compared with conventional flat tillage, rainfall utilization under the ridge tillage increased by 11.08 %-13.19 %; Daily water consumption of winter wheat under ridge tillage furrow irrigation was significantly less than that under conventional flat tillage at the same water treatments;Water consumptions in iointing-heading stage and turning green-jointing stage were the largest under 2 irrigation modes, accounting for about 50 of the whole growth period; Daily water consumption in heading-grain filling stage reached the peak;Water consumption under different treatments increased significantly with the increase of irrigation frequency and irrigation amount while yield and WUE increased first and then decreased;Under the ridge tillage planting mode, irrigation amount reduced by 40% and yield was improved by 392-776 kg/hm2 compared with tra- ditional flat tillage, WUE was the top of 2.08 kg/m2 in treatment of irrigating 3 times.