《伤寒论》汗法禁忌探析

Contraindications of diaphoretic therapy in Treatise on Febrile Diseases

《伤寒论》治疗禁忌的理论是根据医生使用何种误治以及患者的不同体质等因素在临床实践中总结出来的。通过对《伤寒论》治疗禁忌中有关汗法禁忌的内容分析,得出阴虚、阳虚、气血亏虚、太阳温病、病人少阳和阳明里热不可发汗。《伤寒论》对汗法提出的禁忌理论既有原则性,又有灵活性,禁汗是禁峻汗或单纯的辛温发汗,后世辛凉解表、滋阴解表、益气解表、养血解表等法均是在此基础上发展而来,临证应根据不同情况,采用相应不同的治疗方法。

The theory of treatment taboos of Treatise on Febrile Diseases, is based on the factors such as doctors＇misdiagnosises and patients＇ different constitutions, and summarized from clinical practice. This paper explored and analyzed contraindications of diaphoretic therapy in Treatise on Febrile Diseases, getting the conclusion that yin deficiency, yang deficiency, blood and qi deficiency, diseases in shaoyang, internal heat of yangming are the contraindications of the therapy of sweating. This contraindication theory put forward in Treatise on Febrile Diseases is of principle and flexibility. Forbidden of diaphoretic therapy include drastic sweating and diaphoresis using drugs pungent in flavor and warm in property, from which therapeutic methods like pungent-cool diaphoretic, nourishing yin, tonifying qi and enriching blood to relieve exterior syndrome are developed. Different patients need different therapy in clinic.