上海市护理专业学生临床实习职业防护认知水平及教育需求调查

Investigation on cognition level and education demand of occupational protection knowledge among nursing students in clinical practice in the hospitals of Shanghai

目的了解上海市临床实习护生的职业防护认知水平及需求，分析影响因素。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法抽取3家三级医院、3家二级医院全日制临床实习护生360人，对其职业防护知识、开设职业防护教育课程的需求及建议进行问卷调查。结果临床实习护生职业防护知识的总体水平为5～13分，平均（9．33±1．62）分。多元线性回归显示，实习医院等级和护生的文化程度是职业防护认知水平的重要影响因素。目前已有职业防护知识主要来源是学校教育占59．4％；认为开设职业防护课程非常必要占60．5％；希望获得职业防护知识的途径前3项依次为学校教师将相关知识融人教学占43．7％，希望实习前接受相关教育占30．8％，希望危险操作前得到临床老师提醒占16．2％；希望了解职业防护知识的领域依次为生物性危害与防护占46．5％，化学性危害与防护占30．3％，心理性危害与应对占12．0％，防护用具的使用占9．5％，物理性危害与防护占1．7％。结论上海市临床实习护生的职业防护认知存在误区，教育需求强烈，应大力开展职业防护教育，提高防护意识，保障护生身心健康。

Objective To investigate the cognition level and education demand of occupational protection knowledge among nursing students in clinical practice in the hospitals of Shanghai and analyze its related factors. Methods A crosssectional survey involving 360 nursing students was conducted in Shanghai. The survey content included occupational protection knowledge, demand and suggestions about setting up occupational protection curricula. Results The mean knowledge score was 5-13 points, with an average of （9.33±1.62）points. In multiple regression models,the level of hospital and educational status were related factors for knowledge level. The occupational protection knowledge mainly from school education accounted for 59.4%, considering it necessary to set up occupational protection curricula accounted for 60.5%. Ways of acquiring occupational protection were： teachers integrating related knowledge into teach- ing, receiving related education before clinical practice, and being given warning before dangerous operation, accounting for 43.7%, 30.8% and 16.2%. Conclusions Nursing students require a comprehensive foundation course in occupational protection before they enter the clinical practice. This will help to ensure their physical and mental health.