矿山土地复垦的新理念与新技术——边采边复

New Idea and New Technology of Mine Land Reclamation: Concurrent Mining and Reclamation

从环境保护和科学开采的理念和要求出发,提出了采矿与复垦同步进行(即边采边复)的科学依据,介绍了美国采矿与复垦法规对边采边复的要求和露天矿山开采-复垦一体化的发展历程及进展,针对我国井工煤矿"先破坏、后复垦"导致土壤资源损失、恢复土地率低、复垦时间长等问题,阐述了边采边复的必要性和可行性。实践证明,边采边复技术对减轻土地损伤、缩短复垦时间、保护土壤资源、提高土地恢复率和增加复垦效益具有重要作用。

From the idea and requirements of the environment protection and scientific mining, the paper provided the scientific basis of the mining and reclamation concurrently conducted and introduced the requirements of the mining and reclamation by the US Mining and Rec- lamation Act and the development course and progress of the surface mining-reclamation integration in China.According to the problems of the land resource lost, low land reclamation rate, long reclamation time and others caused by the underground mining with failure first and reclamation second in China ,the paper stated the necessity and feasibility of the concurrent mining and reclamation.The practices showed that the concurrent mining and reclamation could play an important role to reduce the land failure, reduce the reclamation time, protect soil resources, improve the land reclamation rate and increase the reclamation benefit.