沉默权制度移植困境的可能性分析——以美国“米兰达规则”为切口

Possibility of institutional transplant dilemma of Right to Silence ——Take "Miranda rule" of US as the incision

从美国"米兰达规则"为出发点,结合我国立法及习惯现状,创见性地将积极沉默权、消极沉默权分置于基本权利谱系中的不同层次以回应沉默权与嫌犯基本人权间争论。肯定立法抉择、司法判决等程序终端对于嫌犯基本人权与放纵犯罪之间的取舍,质疑讯问权衡及对其本土理念惯性透视。反思基于个体选择视角的制度设计,试图以模式的反馈机制、放弃因果论而取相关性描述沉默权的核心问题。

Starting from the ＂Miranda rule＂ of the United States, combined with China＇s legislation and customary status quo, origi- nally put the positive fight to silence and negative right to silence into different levels of fundamental rights in response to the disputes between the right to silence and basic human rights for the suspect. Confirm the choice between the basic human rights for suspects and indulgence for the criminals by legislative decisions, judicial decisions and other procedure terminals and question the interrogation weighing and inertia per- spective of their native concept. Reflect the system design on ipdividual selection per- spective and attempt to describe the core issues of the right to silence by the feedback mechanism of model and taking correlation instead of causation.