长江上游鱼类自然保护区江津段渔民生产生活现状调查

The production and life of fishermen in the Jiangjin section of the upper Yangtze River and its inspirations to the management of nature reserve of fishes

2010年5月至2011年8月，课题组对长江上游珍稀特有鱼类国家级自然保护区重庆江津段43艘渔船的生产生活情况进行了调查。这些渔船单船年捕捞量平均为1868±62．49kg，单船年捕捞收入平均为50876±1954元；单船年生产支出平均为23872±2478元，单船年捕捞收益平均为23872±2478元，人均6586元。调查表明，捕捞生产对保护区具有明显的不利影响，而其主要目的仅是维持不足1万人的生计；靠禁渔期补助来补偿渔民的效果不容乐观；转产转业是渔民从保护区退出的最佳选择；保护区渔民的退出应该统一实施；渔民期望的转产转业补偿资金为15～27万元。

An investigation on the production and life of fishermen of 43 fishing boats in the Jiangjin section of the National Nature Reserve for Rare Fishes in the upper reach of the YangtzeRiver was made from May, 2010 to August, 2011. The average annual catch was 1 868 ±62.49kg; the average annual fishing income was 50 876 ± 1 954 yuan ; the average fishing expenditure was 23 872 ± 2 478 yuan ; the average profit was 23 872 ± 2 478 yuan. It was shown that fishing production to support the livelihoods of less than ten thousand people brought negative impacts to the reserve significantly; it was not efficient to compensatefishermen by extra subsidies during closed fishing season; switching to other jobs might be the best choice for the fishermen to withdraw from the reserve; the course of withdrawal should be carryed outin order ; the expected compensation for switching was estimated to be 150 000 -270 000 yuan.