高频超声对小儿髋关节暂时性滑膜炎的诊断价值

Value of High Frequency Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Transient Synovitis of Hip Joint

【目的】探讨高频超声检查对小儿髋关节暂时性滑膜炎的诊断价值。【方法】对临床上已确诊的54例髋关节暂时性滑膜炎患儿进行双侧髋关节前侧切面高频超声对比检查。随机抽取与病例组年龄范围相同的30例健康儿童进行双侧髋关节高频超声检查，作为正常对照。将病例组和对照组双侧髋关节颈前间隙差值作两样本均数比较的t检验，并连续观察1～4周。【结果154例患髋均存在股骨颈颈前间隙增宽，前隐窝积液49例，其中双侧积液7例，左侧积液18例，右侧积液24例。积液于治疗后1～4周内消退。患者治疗恢复时间与治疗前患髋颈前间隙厚度、患髋前隐窝液暗区宽度等相关。【结论】高频超声检查可以清晰地显示小儿髋关节暂时性滑膜炎健髋的组织层次及患髋的结构变化，有利于该病的客观诊断及病情估计。

[Objective] To explore the value of high frequency ultrasound in diagnosis of children with transi- ent synovitis of hip joint. [Methods] Anterior lateral sections of bilateral hip joint of 54 children clinically diag- nosed as transient synovitis of hip joint were examined by high frequency ultrasound. Other 30 healthy children with the same age range were sampled as control group randomly, and their bilateral hips were examined by high frequency ultrasound. Anterior gap difference of bilateral hip neck between case group and control group was com- pared by using t test. They were observed for 1 ~4 weeks continuously. [Results]Anterior gap of femur neck of 54 diseased hips was widened. There were 49 cases of anterior fossa hydrops including 7 cases of bilateral hydrops, 18 cases of left hydrops and 24 cases of right hydrops. The hydrops disappeared in 1~4 weeks after treatment. The recovery time of patients was related to the thickness of anterior gap of hip neck and the width of dark area of hip anterior fossa fluid. [Conclusion] High frequency ultrasound can clearly show the histological levels of healthy hips and structure change of diseases hips of children with transient synovitis of hip joint, and is helpful for the objec- tive diagnosis and condition estimation.