水稻不同施氮方式对产量的影响

Effect of Application Method of N fertilizer on Rice Yield

8个基、蘖、穗肥施氮数量与比例处理对毕粳 37号的试验结果表明 :将蘖肥提前作基肥深施比其表施效果好。以适宜施氮总量的 70 %～ 80 %作基肥深施 ,2 0 %～ 30 %视苗情作穗肥施用为最佳施氮模式 ,既能显著提高水稻单产和氮素利用率 ,又减少损失并逐步提高土壤肥力而实现稳产 ;增加施氮量不能显著提高水稻单产 ,而氮素损失却更加严重。于 1997～ 1998年利用该模式在贵州织金、纳雍、毕节三县 (市 )共示范 1985.75hm2 ,每 hm2增产稻谷 718.0 5kg,增产 9.32 %。

From the field trials with 8 different fertilization ratios of N feitilizer for basal, tillering and spike stages to rice variety Bigeng 37, it has been revealed that it is better to apply basal fertilizer deeply instead of dressing N fertilizer during tillering stage. The best fertilization pattern is to have 70%～80% of the total N fertilizer applied deeply as basal manure before transplanting while the left 20%～30% as dressing one at spike stage. By this way, not only the grain output of rice and the uptake rate of N is heightened, but also the soil fertility is improved and as a result, crop yield turns to be stable. Rice yield can not be raised by means of increasing N input and reversely, a more serious loss of N will occur, This fertilization pattern was demonstrated on 1985.75 ha of rice at Zhijin, Nayong and Bijie counties(city) and an average increase of grain attained to 718.05kg/ ha with a rate of 9.32%.