作业场所硫化氢风险分级研究

Study on classification of risks caused by hydrogen sulfide exposure at various workplaces

目的探索不同作业场所硫化氢风险分级方法。方法采用风险评估方程式"R=SL",即事故风险是基于事故危害程度与事故发生可能性的乘积。事故危害程度指标通过各行业硫化氢中毒事故死亡人数进行计算;事故发生可能性指标则为专家打分确定导致硫化氢事故的6项影响因素权重值与这6项因素现场分级评分的乘积。结果通过该公式,建立市政下水道抢修作业等5类作业场所硫化氢中毒事故风险等级划分标准,并结合不同风险等级,制定相应的硫化氢推荐防护标准。结论本风险分级法为不同作业场所划分风险等级提供了统一、简便可操作的方法,但需要在实践中进一步完善。

Objective To explore the different classification method of risks caused by hydrogen sulfide （H2S） exposure at various workplaces. Methods The formula,R = S L was used to determine the risk, where the S represents the severity and the L represents the likelihood of harms. The severity was given for various workplaces based on the previous records of H^S which caused deaths in different industries. The likelihood was estimated by the professionals according to the reality of 6 items which are the predominant causes for H2S poisoning. The professions examined the workplaces and gave their scores. Results Using this formula, the risk caused by hydrogen sulfide exposure in common industries, such as emergency repair of drainpipes in the city, was classified. And it is easy for managers to clearly take the corresponding measures. Conclusion This risk classification method provides a unified, simple and workable way for the managers to estimate the risk at different workplaces . Of course, it needs to be improved in the future.