关于投保人故意杀害被保险人之法律条款的思考

The Thinking about The Law of Policy Holder kills Insured Intentionally

2009年我国新颁布的保险法就投保人故意杀害被保险人的行为规定保险人可以免责。保险法认为这属于骗取保险金行为,保险公司由此可以免责。但是保险人是否能够因为投保人的故意行为而免责,这并不是一个一概而论的问题,需要针对不同的情况做出具体的分析。在分析各种情况均遵循一个前提:排除被保险人与投保人合谋导致保险事故意骗取保险金的行为。即均认定被保险人是理性人不考虑被保险人以牺牲自己的身体为代价获取保险金。那么这个问题的关键点在于投保人是否为自己的利益投保。文章所坚持的观点是完全不可免责制,其基于维护被保险人的利益。在整个事件中被保险人始终是受害者,且从订立保险契约的角度,保护被保险人的利益是整个契约形成的基础和最终目标。如果投保人故意伤害被保险人造成保险事故,文章所认定的是请求保险权利归于没有参与犯罪行为的其他受益人,若没有符合条件的受益人则权利归于被保险人的合法财产继承人执行。

According to the new insurance law in our country in 2009, if the policy-holder intentionally killed the insured, the in- surance company may avoid the responsibility. The Insurance Law insists that this behavior belongs to cheating money from insurance company. In fact whether the insurer can exempt from responsibility because of the policy-holder＇s intentional acts, it needs to make spe- cific decisions for different situations. Situations analysed in the paper all follow a premise： exclude insurant and policy-holder conspired to make insurance accident happen in order to defraud insurance. We all think that the insured is rational people, so they cannot just for insurance benefit at the cost of hurting their body. So the key point of the problem is whether policy-holder to insure their own interests. This article holds that insurer is absolutely not be exempted from liability, and it is based on the interests of insured. Throughout the event the insured is always a victim, and from the angle of conclude insurance contract to protect the interests of the insured is the soul of the whole contract form and ultimate goal. This paper identified that if the policy holder intentionally damage or make insurant disability, insurance right belongs to other beneficiaries, who was not involved in crime. And insurance right belongs to legal heir to the proporty if there is no eligible beneficiary.