区域市场开放与地区服务业增长——基于省级面板数据的动态分析

Interregional Openness and Local Growth in Service——Based on the Dynamic Analysis of Provincial Panel Data

本文采用主成分分析法测算了20世纪90年代中国区际市场开放度指数，发现我国区域间开放程度极不平衡，中西部地区开放度明显偏低。在此基础上，利用1993—2010年的省级面板数据，采用工具变量两阶段最小二乘法（2SLS）和系统动态面板（GMM）实证考察了省际开放程度对地区服务业增长的影响机制和影响效果。研究结果发现：区际开放与服务业增长之间存在U型曲线关系，即短期内区际开放程度的提高对服务业增长没有起到积极作用，但随着区际开放程度的不断提高，其对服务业增长的作用将由负转为正；对外开放与区际开放之间存在显著的互补关系，即对外开放水平的提高有助于促进区域间的开放，从而推动地区服务业增长；中国加入WTO尤其是履行对WTO的各项承诺，不仅对区域层面的对外开放起了积极作用，而且对区域之间的开放起到了一定的推动作用。

In this paper we have measured and calculated the index of interregional openness. We have find that there＇s a wide gap between provinces and the level of Mid-West is obviously lower the East. Using provincial panel data from 1993 to 2010 ,we investigated the influence mechanism and effect between interregional openness and local service growth with Instru- mental Variable（IV） and System Generalized Method of Moments（GMM）. The empirical results showed that there was an U- shaped curve between interregional openness and local service growth. The active effect will exist in a long term not in a short time. International openness and interregional openness are mutually complementary in service. China joins WTO not only pro-motes the opening-up to oversee but also promotes the opening to domestic.