清代民勤地区的水利及水案研究

Water Conservation and Water Cases in the Minqin Area during Qing Dynasty

石羊河是古代民勤地区最主要的灌溉河流,清代民勤地区的灌溉依旧以石羊河为主,在水利分配上以国家制度即"按粮使水"为原则,但又根据各地的实际情形进行了一定的变通,使水利在分配上更为公平合理,这是清代民勤水利的最大特点。水老的设立为民间水利的管理提供了便利,水老全权负责区域内水利一切事务,包括调解、平息民间水利纠纷,这是清代民勤地区水利的又一特点。

Shiyang River was the important irrigation river in the Minqin area in ancient times, Shiyang river was the main irrigation river in the Minqin area of the Qing Dynasty, distribution water according to contributing food was the main water distribution principle, but government carried out distribution system flexible, make system run fair and reasonable. Water chieftain was set up make water conservation easy, Water chieftain managed making peace of water case and water conservation distribution. The paper discussed water case further by six cases, obtained results that was solving wanter case were built on fair and reasonable distribution system.