英、汉语关系结构的合格条件

The Licensing Conditions of English and Chinese Relative Structures

文献对英、汉语关系结构的句法推导大多采取移位分析,认为关系从句内有wh-算子或中心语的前移。如果真有这样的移位,那么关系从句的谓词一定是句法开放性谓词。然而本文发现,英、汉语关系从句的谓词呈现显著的不同,前者是句法开放性谓词,而后者是句法非开放性谓词。因此,本文支持英语关系结构的移位分析,但主张汉语关系结构的非移位分析,并在此基础上推导出英、汉语关系结构各自的合格条件。

Almost all Generative studies argue for a wh-operator or head movement analysis of both English and Chinese relativization.The corollary of movement is that the predicate of the relative clause becomes syntactically open.But this paper finds out that the predicate of the English relative clause is syntactically open ,while that of the Chinese relative clause is syntactically close.Therefore ,this paper argues for a movement analysis of English relativization but a non-movement analysis of Chinese relativization ,and ,consequently ,works out the different licensing conditions of English and Chinese relatives.