胚胎期造血干细胞来源及其调控

Origin and Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells During Embryonic Ontogeny

胚胎干细胞是体内各种组织包括造血组织干细胞的来源 ,在胚胎干细胞向造血干细胞的分化及造血干细胞自身的发育过程中有着复杂的基因调控。原始造血产生于卵黄囊已被普遍认可 ,但永久造血产生于何处仍有争论。目前认为 ,至少有两个独立的部位与永久造血有关 ,即卵黄囊和胚内的PAS/AGM区。对胚胎期造血及其调控的研究不仅有助于探明某些血液病的发病机制 。

Stem cells of various tissues including hematopoietic tissue in the body are derived from embryonic stem cells (ESC).There exists intricated gene regulation during ESC development and its differentiation into hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). In embryo hematopoiesis development, there are two kinds of hematopoietic types, primitive hematopoiesis and definitive hematopoiesis. The theory of the yolk sac of primitive hematopoiesis is well accepted, while the initial site of definitive hematopoiesis still exists controversy. In present opinion, there are at least two independent sites associated with definitive hematopoiesis, those are, yolk sac and para aortic splanchnopleura (PAS)/aorta gonad mesonephros(AGM). Study on the hematopoiesis and its regulation during embryonic ontogeny will benefit not only to the dicovery of the mechanism of some blood disorders, but as well to gene therapy and HSC engineering.