问责机制与网络问责创新内涵的实证检验

The Quantitative Analysis of An Innovative Way of Network Accountability in China

网络问责是一种近年来在中国持续发展并产生重要社会影响的新的问责类型,其"新"在何处值得研究。本文以行政问责实践机制所包含的问责发起机制、启动机制、处理机制为分析纬度,对抽样的135个网络问责事件进行内容分析,检验结果显示,网络问责具有创新内涵,主要体现在对发起机制的议题设置和议题传播运行方式的改变,这两个要素以网络作为活动平台的创新,改变了传统的"呼喊"发起方式,突破了话语表达渠道和空间的限制,实现了议题多对多的传播,推动了公众参与问责活动的发展及影响的扩展,但是,网络问责在问责主体、问责启动机制和处理机制等构成上没有明显变化,仍然受制于传统体制的影响。因此,网络问责只是一种发起方式的创新,而并非问责机制的创新。

Network accountability is a new form of accountability in China. This article selects the accountability mechanism as a dimension and adopts content analysis method in order to examine the new characteristic of network accountability which has been developed 10 years from 2003 to 2012. According to the content analysis of 135 cases of network ac- countability and 57 cases of public accountability, this article concludes network accountability uses the Internet as the voice platform of topic setting and topic disseminating. This is the innovation way in initiating mechanism of accounta- bility and has obtained great effectiveness.