上海市浦东新区MSM人群安全套使用及性行为特征分析

An investigation on condom use and characteristics of sexual behaviors among MSM in Pudong New Area of Shanghai

目的了解男男性行为者(MSM)预防艾滋病相关知识的掌握及来源、性行为特征、安全套使用情况及对待艾滋病的态度,为今后该人群的人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)检测,预防干预策略的制定提供参考依据。方法对浦东新区自愿咨询检测(VCT)门诊中及由同性恋非政府组织招募的MSM人员,进行HIV检测及一对一问卷调查。结果共调查MSM 202人,发现HIV阳性36例,感染率为17.8%;寻找同志的方式依次为网络、朋友介绍、浴室、酒吧和公园;同性性行为的方式肛交为90.6%、口交为68.3%和手淫为49.0%,与异性发生过性行的为44.6%;性角色方面认为自己是0.5(可扮演丈夫或妻子者)占45%;既往发生性行为时多数使用安全套占51.1%,最近1次性行为时使用安全套的为89.1%;对艾滋病传播途径、正确使用安全套、固定1个性伴的作用等核心知识问题的正确认知率分别为95.2%、94.6%和95.5%;预防艾滋病相关知识的来源依次为工作单位和学校组织的宣传教育、免费宣传材料、电视、书籍和网络。结论浦东新MSM对艾滋病的认知水平较高,安全套使用率高,对艾滋病的危险性有一定的认识且具有比较强的自我保护意识,对自己和同伴不幸感染HIV的态度是积极向上,不放弃、不歧视,表明浦东新区疾病预防控制中心在MSM中的艾滋病宣传干预工作收效显著。

[ Objective ] To investigate the awareness rate and understanding ways of knowledge related to HIV/AIDS, characteristics of sexual behaviors, conditions about condom use and the attitude toward AIDS among men who have sex with men（MSM） , provide the basis for carrying out HIV detection among this population and developing the intervention strategies. [ Methods ] HIV detection and face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted in MSM from VCT （HIV Voluntary Counseling ＆ Testing ） clinic and non-governmental organizations of homosexuality. [ Results]202 subjects were investigated, 36 of them were diagnosed with HIV, and the HIV infection rate was 17.8%. The main ways that MSM got sex partners included internet, friends, bathroom, bar and park. 90.6% ,68.3% and 49% of subjects had anal sex, oral sex and masturbation respectively. The subjects ever had sex with women accounted for 44.6 %. 45% considered that they can play the role of husband or wife, 51.1% subjects often use condom, and 89.1% of them have used a condom during their most recent sexual activity. The awareness rate of HIV transmission routes, proper use of condom and prevention role of having only one sex partner was 95.2%, 94.6% and 95.5%, respectively. Their knowledge about HIV/AIDS prevention mainly comes from school and company education, free publicity materials, books and internet. [ Conclusion] MSM in Pudong New Area have good awareness rate of AIDS and high use rate of condom,while they know the dangerousness of AIDS in certain degree and have strong self-protection consciousness. MSM show the positive attitudes towards HIV infection, either for themselves or their sexual partners, and there are no abandon and discrimination. It indicates HIV/AIDS intervention among MSM has obtained the significant effect.