某燃煤发电机组热电联产项目职业病危害预评价

Pre-evaluation on occupational hazards of cogeneration project in a coal-fired power plant

目的确定该拟建项目产生的职业病危害因素,分析其危害程度及对劳动者健康的影响,评价职业病危害防护措施及其效果,提出职业病危害的关键控制点。方法采用检查表法、类比法进行综合分析评价。结果类比企业41个毒物检测点,合格率为100.0%;51个粉尘检测点,合格率为82.4%;69个噪声检测点,合格率为85.5%;3个工频电场检测点全部合格。结合某燃煤发电厂实地考察的情况预测该项目建成投产后,其职业病危害的关键控制点是燃料的储存、装卸和灰渣运输工、汽机巡检工、水处理系统工作人员、锅炉巡检工岗位。结论该拟建项目作业场所中的职业病危害因素有毒物、噪声、粉尘、工频电场新建设项目只有将各项职业病防护措施落实到位,才能使该项目投入生产后将可能存在和产生的职业病危害因素的浓度(或强度)控制在国家规定的职业接触限值范围内。该拟建工程项目从职业卫生角度分析是基本可行的。

[ Objective] To determine the occupational hazard factors existed in this proposed construction project, analyze the damage degree as well as its influence on laborers＇health, evaluate the effect of corresponding protective measures of the hazards, and present the critical control point of the occupational hazards. [ Methods] Check list and analogy method were used to carry out the comprehensive analysis and evaluation. [ Results] By the analogy method, all of 41 poison detection sites were qualified with the comprehensive analysis and evaluation. [ Results] By the analogy method, all of 41 poison detection sites were qualified with the qualified rate of I00.0%, 82.4% of 51 dust detection sites were qualified, and 85.5% of 69 noise detection sites were qualified, while all 3 detection sites of power frequency electric field were qualified. Combined with on-site inspection of a coal-fired power plant ,it was predicted that the critical control points of occupational hazards included fuel storage, handling and ash transportation, turbine patrol, water treatment system, and boiler patrol. [ Conclusion ] The occupational hazard factors in the workplace of this proposed construction project are toxicant, noise, dust and power frequency electric field. Only the protective measures of occupational hazards are implemented in the new construction project, can the concentration （ intensity I of possible occupational hazard factors in the productive process be controlled within the national occupational exposure limits. The proposed project is feasible from the view of occupational health.