佛手山药多糖的分离纯化及组分结构分析

Separation and Purification and Constituent Structural Analysis of Foshou Yam Polysaccharide

目的对佛手山药多糖的组分及结构进行鉴定分析。方法以佛手山药为原料,采用水提醇沉法提取,经一系列分离纯化步骤得到多糖组分,采用紫外、红外、薄层层析等现代仪器分析手段对其多糖结构进行分析。结果分离纯化得到两种中性组分多糖(YPa-Ⅰ和YPa-Ⅱ)和一种酸性多糖(YPbs)。紫外光谱分析表明3种组分多糖均不含有蛋白质、核酸和多肽,红外光谱扫描证明3种多糖均有多糖的特征吸收峰。经薄层层析分析中性多糖YPa-Ⅰ的单糖组成为阿拉伯糖、果糖和葡萄糖,中性多糖YPa-Ⅱ的单糖组成为果糖、甘露糖和葡萄糖,酸性多糖YPbs的单糖组成是木糖、半乳糖和葡萄糖。采用多角度激光光散射检测器(MALLS)和示差折光检测器(RI)与凝胶渗透色谱联用测定山药多糖组分的分子量,结果是山药中性多糖组分YPa-Ⅰ、YPa-Ⅱ的平均分子量分别为65086和20982,山药酸性多糖组分YPbs平均分子量有34780。

Objective To analyse Foshou yam polysaccharide and its constituent structural. METHODS Foshou yam as raw materi- al, using the extraction method of water extract - alcohol precipitation, through a series of separation and purification steps get polysaccharide components. Use the UV, IR, TLC and other modem instrument analysis methods to analyze polysaccharide structure. CONCLUSION two neutral polysaccharide components（ YPa - I and YPa - Ⅱ） and an acidic polysaecharide（YPbs） are obtained. UV analysis shows that three types of polysaccharide are not contains proteins, nucleic acids and polypeptides, and IR scanning proves that three kinds of polysac- charide have the characteristic absorption peak of polysaccharide. TLC analysis of the monosaccharide composition of three kinds of polysac- charide shows that the neutral polysacchafide YPa - I ＇ s monosaccharide composition is arabinose, fructose and glucose. The neutral poly- saecharide YPa- II＇s monosaccharide composition is fructose, mannose and glucose, the acidic polysaccharide YPbs＇ s monosaccharide composition is xylose, galactose and glucose. With multi -angle laser light scattering detector and refractive index detector, gel permeation chromatography determined molecular weight of yam polysaccharide, the yam neutral polysaccharide components of YPa - I , YPa - II aver- age molecular weights are 65086 and 20982 respectively. The yam acidic polysaeeharide component YPbs average molecular weight is 34780.