基于激光扫描与CT建立带牙根的三维数字化牙颌模型

Three dimensional digitized dental model with root based on laser scanning and CT data

目的基于激光三维扫描牙颌模型,结合临床头部CT资料,建立包含牙根的数字化牙颌模型,记录牙冠和牙根解剖形态结构以及空间位置变化。方法 1例牙列正常成年女性,头部CT数据利用Mimics11.0软件建立口腔内单独牙齿和整个上下牙列三维数字化模型;三维激光扫描仪分别扫描上下颌石膏模型及其咬合关系,在GeoMagic10.0软件中,结合CT重建的单独牙齿的三维数字化模型,重构带有牙根的牙列三维模型,同时实现上下颌三维模型符合口腔实际咬合关系的位置恢复。结果重建了带有牙根的三维数字化上下颌牙列模型,不仅清晰显示牙冠的解剖特征、牙列的排列、牙根的形态和位置关系,并且准确恢复了上下颌牙列的咬合关系。结论在正畸治疗过程中,利用激光三维扫描及CT数据建立带有牙根的三维数字化牙颌模型,不仅可以显示牙冠牙根的解剖形态结构,还能够监测牙冠和牙根的移动情况,便于指导治疗进程,评价治疗效果。

Objective To establish digitized dental model with the root based on the three-dimensional laser scanning of plaster dental models and the head CT data, and record the morphological structure of the teeth and the spatial location changes of the teeth during treatment course. Method The independent digital models with upper and lower dentition were established based on an adult female＇s head CT data in Mimicsl 1.0.＂. The plaster dental models were scanned with a 3D laser scanner and the data files were merged and saved as point clouds which contained spatial location coordinates of the crown surface and the relationship of the upper and lower dentition in the intercuspal occlusion （ICO）.Based on the models from the point clouds, a dentition model with teeth roots was regrouped with independent teeth models built from CT data, and the real spatial position relationship of the upper and lower dentition was rebuilt. Result Upper and lower 3D digital full structure dentition models were rebuilt containing details of the anatomical structures of the crowns and roots of teeth, and the relative position of the dentition and occlusion were recovered. Conclusion In the orthodontic treatment, the dentitions models with roots from the CT data and 3D scanning can display the change of teeth crowns and roots, and the practitioners can easily evaluate the treatment process and the therapeutic effecacy.