寄主植物对水椰八角铁甲发育历期、取食和繁殖的影响

Effects of host plants on the developmental duration, feeding and reproduction of the nipa palm hispid,Octodonta nipae ( Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

本文探讨了加拿利海枣Phoenix canariensis、棕榈Trachycarpus fortunei、刺葵Phoenix hanceana和蒲葵Livistona chinensis)4种寄主植物对水椰八角铁甲Octodonta nipae(Maulik)取食和产卵的影响,并分析了寄主植物叶片中影响该虫取食量、产卵量的主要营养成分。结果表明:水椰八角铁甲对上述4种寄主的选择有显著差异,偏好加拿利海枣和棕榈,而对蒲葵的选择性最差。4种寄主植物叶片中主要营养成分含量差异显著(粗脂肪:F3,8=153.508,P=0.000;可溶性糖:F3,8=56.922,P=0.000;可溶性蛋白:F3,8=150.309,P=0.000;游离氨基酸:F3,8=41.278,P=0.000),其中加拿利海枣中可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和游离氨基酸含量均较高,分别为1.13%,1.05%和19.50%;蒲葵中粗脂肪含量较高,为7.04%,其余3种营养成分含量均较低。主成分分析表明游离氨基酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白是影响水椰八角铁甲取食、产卵的主要因素,与取食量和产卵量均显著相关,贡献率分别为56.1%,26.7%和13.7%。该研究对于分析水椰八角铁甲的寄主适应性变异及其机理等均具有重要意义。

In this paper, the influence of four host plant species, including Phoenix canariensis, Trachycarpus fortunei, Phoenix hanceana and Livistona chinensis, on the developmental duration, feeding and reproduction of Octodonta nipae was studied, and the main nutrient components in those four host plants affecting feeding and reproduction of O. nipae were analysed. The results indicated that O. nipae obviously preferred to P. canariensis and T. fortunei, while had the lowest selectivity to L. chinensis. Significant differences existed in contents of four nutrient components of different palm leaves （crude fat： F3,8=153.508, P=0.000; soluble sugar： F3,8=56.922, P=0.000; soluble protein： F3,8=150.309, P=0.000; free amino acid： F3,8=41.278, P=0.000）. The nutrient components of free amino acids, soluble sugar and soluble protein in P. canariensis were relatively high, with the content of 1.13%, 1.05% and 19.50%, respectively. However, the content of crude fat in L. chinensis was higher （7.04%） compared with the contents of other three nutrient components in L. chinensis. Principal component analysis showed that the free amino acid, soluble sugar and soluble protein were the key factors that affect the feeding and reproduction of O. nipae, and their contribution rates were 56.1%, 26.7% and 13.7%, respectively. In addition, the significant correlations were found between the three nutrient components of palm leaves and the feeding and reproduction of O. nipae on their respective hosts. This research has important significance for analysis host adaptive variation of O. nipae and its mechanism.