视屏显示终端作业人员干眼症影响因素分析

Analysis of risk factors for dry eye syndrome in visual display terminal workers

目的分析视屏显示终端（VDT）作业人员干眼症的影响因素，从而为保护VDT作业人员眼部健康提供科学依据。方法对185名VDT作业人员进行问卷调查、泪液分泌试验、泪膜破裂时间测定以及作业场所微环境检测，并进行多因素Logistic回归分析，在多因素水平上控制混杂因素而筛选VDT作业人员干眼症的影响因素。结果Logistic回归模型中，平均每日接触视屏时间、平均每日看电视时间、视屏-视线角度为平视、视屏-视线角度为仰视、眼睛-视屏距离小于20cm、视屏作业过程中不定时休息、年龄、性别等相对泪液分泌试验的回归系数分别为0．153、0．548、0．400、0．796、0．234、0．516、0．559、-0．685；平均每日接触视屏时间、视屏-视线角度为平视、视屏-视线角度为仰视、年龄、工龄、女性等相对泪膜破裂时间的回归系数分别为0．021、0．625、2．652、0．749、0．403、1．481。结论平均每日接触视屏时间、平均每日看电视时间、视屏-视线角度为平视、视屏-视线角度为仰视、眼睛-视屏距离小于20cm、视屏作业过程中不定时休息、年龄以及工龄等因素均是VDT作业人员干眼症的危险因素。

Objective To analyze the risk factors for dry eye syndrome in visual display terminal （VDT） workers and to provide a scientific basis for protecting the eye health of VDT workers. Methods Questionnaire survey, Schirmer I test, tear break-up time test, and workshop microenvironment evaluation were performed in 185 VDT workers. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the risk factors for dry eye syndrome in VDT workers after adjustment for confounding factors. Results In the logistic regression model, the regression coefficients of daily mean time of exposure to screen, daily mean time of watching TV, parallel screen-eye angle, upward screen-eye angle, eye-screen distance of less than 20 cm, irregular breaks during screen-exposed work, age, and female gender on the results of Sehirmer I test were 0.153, 0.548, 0.400, 0.796, 0.234, 0.516, 0.559, and -0.685, respectively; the regression coefficients of daily mean time of exposure to screen, parallel screen-eye angle, upward screen-eye angle, age, working years, and female gender on tear break-up time were 0.021, 0.625, 2.652, 0.749, 0.403, and 1.481, respectively. Conclusion Daily mean time of exposure to screen, daily mean time of watching TV, parallel screen-eye angle, upward screen-eye angle, eye-screen distance of less than 20 cm, irregular breaks during screen-exposed work, age, and working years are risk factors for dry eye syndrome in VDT workers.