开发区土地利用效率及影响因素研究——以江苏省为例

Research on Efficiency and Influencing Factors of Land Use in Development Zones of Jiangsu

土地利用效率偏低是我国开发区建设中亟需关注和解决的重要问题,运用数据包括分析(DEA)方法和Tobit模型对江苏省开发区的土地利用效率进行测算,并考察了政策因素、区域因素和内部因素对土地利用效率的影响,弥补了当前开发区土地利用效率研究的不足。研究结果表明:(1)江苏省开发区土地利用综合效率平均水平不高,纯技术效率不高是造成土地利用效率不高的主要原因;(2)开发区所在地区的经济发展水平,开发区的区位、级别、类型等区域和政策因素对开发区土地利用效率有较显著影响;(3)基础设施完善程度、获得专利数、主导产业产值占比等内部因素都能显著影响开发区土地利用效率;(4)严格控制用地规模、积极处置低效闲置土地有利于提高土地利用效率。

Development zones, as the pilot area of Chinese open economy, have played an important role in the promotion of regional industrial agglomeration and development. However, the lower efficiency of land use in the construction of development zones is an urgent problem to he resolved. This paper studies the land use efficiency of development zones in Jiangsu Province using the method of DEA, and analyzes the impact of institutional factors, regional factors and internal factors on the efficiency of land use using the Tobit model. The results indicate that the average level of land use efficiency of development zones is not high, the lower technical efficiency being the main reason and that the institutional factors and regional factors, such as the locations, grades, and types o{ the development zones and the level of regional economy, have had a significant influence on land use efficiency. The study has proved that some internal factors like infrastructure, patents, and proportion of productive value of leading industries also have had a significant influence. The research concludes the land use efficiency of development zones will be improved by strictly controlling the scale of land use and actively disposing the low efficient and idle land.