市场失灵与政府失灵

Market failure and government failure——one of the new exploration of market economy and government function

政府与市场的关系是社会发展关注的焦点,市场经济在发挥其作用的同时,市场失灵也有诸多表现:市场的自发性难以避免经济失序;市场机制无力于实现公共产品的供给;自由放任的市场竞争最终必然会走向垄断;市场竞争会导致收入分配不公和贫富两极分化。针对市场失灵,政府企图通过干预弥补市场失灵,但是政府干预也存在缺陷,因此,只有从厘清"双失灵"的表现及根源等基本问题入手,才有利于探寻政府行为和市场功能的最佳结合之路。

The relationship between government and market is the focus of attention of the market economy and soeial development, to play its role at the same time, the market failure also has many features ： the market is difficult to avoid the economic loss of spontaneous order; the market mechanism is unable to achieve the supply of pnblic goods; laissez-faire market competition will ultimately towards monopoly; market competition will lead to unfair income distribution and the polarization between the rich and the poor. In view of market failure, government intervene to make up for market failure, but the government intervention has the flaw, therefore, starting only from some basic problems in ＂symptoms and causes of double failure＂ , is beneficial to explore the best combination of government behavior and market function of the road.