每周5天素食对Ⅱ型糖尿病患者血糖及相关疾病的影响

Effects of plant diet for five days in a week on glycemic control in type Ⅱ diabetic patients with multi-metabolic disorders

目的观察每周5天全谷物类粮食与蔬菜水果素食和2天随意荤素食膳食对Ⅱ型糖尿病患者血糖、血脂、血压及肾病指数的影响。方法选择32例Ⅱ型糖尿病患者,随机分为试验组和对照组各16例。试验组每周5天全谷物类粮食与蔬菜水果素食和2天随意荤素食膳食,全天总热卡约1200~1600千卡;对照组自由饮食,每天食物总量和种类参照常规糖尿病饮食治疗及每天总热卡和营养素分配原则,每天都摄入多少不等的动物类食物。随访3个月,观察并记录试验前、试验过程中及试验3个月末血糖、血压、血脂及肾病指数等指标。结果对照组12周后各项观测指标与实验前比较无明显变化(P>0.05)。试验组12周后与试验前比较,FPG、2hPG、HbA1c和UA/C均有明显下降(P<0.01);TG、TC、SBP和DBP也有下降(P<0.05);BMI有减小趋势。试验12周末,两组间比较,试验组FPG、2hPG、HbA1c和UA/C均明显低于对照组(P<0.01);TG、TC、SBP和DBP也低于对照组(P<0.05);BMI有减小趋势。结论每周5天全谷物类粮食和蔬菜为主的素食和2天随意荤素食,可使Ⅱ型糖尿病患者的血糖进一步下降,并可能减少胰岛素或口服降糖药物的用量,同时还可以进一步降低患者的高血压,降低血中升高的甘油三酯及胆固醇,减少尿微量白蛋白,有利于Ⅱ型糖尿病的综合控制。

Objective To observe the effects of plant diet on glycemic control in type l] diabetic patients with multi-metabolic disorders. Methods 32 outpatients with type ]I diabetes from the The Chengdu Ruien Diabetic Hospital were randomly divided into two groups, including conventional treatment group and plant diet-treated group. Each con- tained 16 cases. Serum glucose, HbAlc, lipids and lipoproteins, and the urinary albumin excretion rate, body mass and blood pressure were measured at the beginning and three months later. Results Compared with the conventional treat- ment group, the serum glucose, HbAlc, lipids and lipoproteins ,and the urinary albumin excretion rate of the plant diet- treated group were significantly lowered （P〈001） ~ the serum TG and TC, the SBP and DBP of the plant diet-treated group were also lowered（P^0.05）. A reducing tendency for BMI of the plant diet-treated group were noticed. Conclu- sion This plant diet can help improve the glycemic eontrol and ameliorate some other disorders in type l] diabetic pa- tients.