亚麻单倍体的研究进展

Research advances in flax haploid

单倍体在基础研究和育种上都有重要的应用价值,可通过雄核发育(花药和小孢子培养)、雌核发育途径(未受精卵或子房培养等)、种内或种间杂交产生。在亚麻单倍体研究中,花药培养是目前研究最多,应用最广泛的方法。本文结合国内外文献,综述了亚麻单倍体的研究进展,侧重于亚麻花药培养过程中关键影响因子,如供体植株的基因型、栽培条件、预处理方式、培养基的筛选等;分析了目前我国在亚麻单倍体育种研究中出现的问题并针对这些问题提出了建议。

Haploid material had great application value both in fundamental research and breeding programmes.The haploid could be produced by androgenesis(anther and microspore culture),gynogenesis(unfertilized ovules),intraspecific and interspecifc hybridizations.Anther culture method was the most researched and widely applied in flax(Linum usitatissimum L.) haploid breeding by far.Research of haploid breeding in flax was reviewed,and found that emphasis was on the factors involving anther culture,such as:genotype,pretreatment,the media and so on.The problem of haploid breeding in flax in our country was also discussed.