基于缓解拥堵目标的城市轨道交通定价策略研究

Easing Urban Traffic Congestion through Rail Transit Pricing Strategies

当前,许多城市被交通拥堵问题所困扰,纷纷开始兴建轨道交通。然而一些城市在轨道交通建成后,城市交通拥堵问题并未得到缓解。基于对出行层次的划分和轨道交通功能的定位,分析了轨道交通不能吸引私家车主转乘轨道交通的原因。以宁波市为例测算了私家车出行成本,结合公交车票价、利用弹性原理确定了城市轨道交通的合理定价区间,并提出了相应的保障措施。

Urban traffic congestion problems are faced by many cities nowadays in China. Urban rail transit construction is considered to be an important way to ease urban traffic congestion. However, urban rail transit built in many cities did not meet the expectations. In this essay, through the analysis of demand levels of various passengers and functions of urban rails, the reasons of rail transit failing in attracting private car owners are summed up. This paper takes Ningbo city as a sample to calcu- late private cars＇ travel costs, and combines them with public transportation prices to define the reasonable price range of ur- ban rail transit using elasticity theory. Finally several security measures are proposed.