保险不利解释原则适用的二维视域——弱者保护与技术维护之衡平

The Two-dimensional Sight of Application of Disadvantage Interpretation in Insurance Law:Balance between Protection of the Weak and Maintenance of Technique

保险不利解释原则在实践中面临滥用、误用、漏用之乱象,导致维护保险产品技术品性与保护弱者平衡矛盾的特别功能被忽略。应从顶层设计的高度去定位和优化不利解释原则,使其能够在实现惩罚条款设计过失的规范性价值的同时,也能够有效实现缓冲保险人说明义务的机制性价值。在具体适用中应坚持合理扩张与严格限定的二维路径,以尽可能地避免条款无效、解决条款模糊难题。

In practice,disadvantage interpretation face confusion of being abused,misused,ignored,and reason is that its special features of coordinating contradiction between protection to the weak and maintenance of technique has not been developed.We should realize and perfect this rule on the top-level,to make it punish insurers’ fault in designing terms and reduce the burden of insurers’ illustrate obligation.The two specific application should also be supported,which can solve the problem of invalid and ambiguous terms.