我国欠发达地区农村土地流转改革及其制度范式

The Reform of Rural Land Circulation and Its Institutional Paradigm in the Underdeveloped Regions in China

农村土地流转制度改革,是当前我国农村经济体制改革的根本问题,也是欠发达地区经济社会发展的重大问题。现阶段我国欠发达地区农村土地流转制度普遍存在"三元缺位"特征,即在农村土地流转中由于人为的制度因素导致了土地空间布局的割裂破坏、土地生态的损害和相关规划和制度的缺位,这严重制约了欠发达地区农业现代化的进程。我国欠发达地区的农村土地流转制度普遍具有多样性、地域性和民间性的特征。贵州、四川等欠发达地区的改革实践,已经探索建立了我国欠发达地区农村土地流转的多种范式。政府应注重欠发达地区农村土地流转的统一规划,建立健全相关法律法规,维护农户、种植大户、专业合作社、企业和土地流转发包方等主体的合法权益。

The transfer of rural land reform is a fundamental problem of China＇s rural economic reform and a major issue as well of the economic and social development in the less developed regions. At the present stage of China, there exist ＂three blank＂ features in rural land circulation in the underdeveloped regions, that is, the de-struction of the spatial layout of the land, the ecological damage of the land and the omission of relevant planning and institution due to certain institutional factors. This has badly restricted the process of agricultural moderniza-tion in the undeveloped regions. The reform of rural land circulation in the underdeveloped regions has demon-strated three features： diversity, region, and civility. The reform practice in Guizhou, Sichuan and other under-developed areas have established many paradigms of the rural land transfer in the underdeveloped areas. The government should pay attention to the unified planning of the rural land circulation in the underdeveloped areas, to the establishment of relevant laws and regulations, and to the protection of the legal rights of farmers, plant-ers, professional cooperatives, enterprises and land transfer owners.