非农产业对农村内部收入不均等的异质性影响

The Heterogeneous Effect of Non-agricultural Industry on Rural Income Inequality

已有研究在分析整体非农产业对农村内部收入不均等的影响时,忽略了非农产业的异质性。本文根据2009年CFPS数据,利用EGR法对非农产业进行划分,运用反事实的收入模拟方法,分析了高收入非农产业、低收入非农产业及总体非农产业对农村内部收入不均等的影响。分析发现:总体非农产业和高收入非农产业拉大了农村居民的收入差距,而低收入非农产业有缩小收入差距的作用;将低收入非农产业进一步按年龄组划分后显示,若高年龄组低收入的非农居民转向传统农业,将改善农村居民的整体收入水平。此外,农村居民所得收入与其土地拥有量之间呈U型关系。这些结论为我国有效地制定农业政策,引导非农产业良性发展提供了参考。

Non-agricultural industries are heterogeneous. With the CFPS data in 2009, this paper uses the counterfactual method to analyze the heterogeneous influences of non-agricultural industries on rural internal income inequality. The results indicate that high-income non-agricultural industries increase rural internal inequality, while lowincome non-agricultural industries decrease it. By dividing the rural residents engaged in the low-income non-agricultural industries by age, we can find that if the low-income non-agricultural residents with higher age steer to traditional agriculture, the residents with lower age can get the chances for better occupational and technical training, thus the overall income level of rural residents could be improved. In addition, the non-agricuhural industries increase rural internal inequality; there is u-shaped relationship between rural residents＇ income and their land. This paper provides many meaningful implications for establishing non-agricultural industry polices.