都市稻鸭种养共作田病虫草的发生与生防技术

Regular Disease Occurrence and Biocontrol Technology in Urban Rice-Duck Symbolic Breeding Farm

研究鸭子在稻鸭种养共作田复合生态系统中对病虫草害及蜘蛛影响。试验结果表明:放入鸭200只/hm2,适当早放鸭(7月10日、7月17日放鸭)有利于提高地表水层中的溶解氧。7月17日、7月24日放鸭,有利于提高土壤表层硝酸根、有机碳、总碳、铵态氮营养积累。稻鸭田对农田杂草的控制率为90%。稻鸭田、苦参碱田、常规施药田每50穴稻飞虱发生量分别为200头以下、300头以下和350头以下。稻鸭共作田的蜘蛛群落少于生防田和化防田。稻鸭群在稻田中觅食可以增强水稻抗倒伏能力。

Effect of duck breeding on the occurrence of grass insects and spider disease in a compound field was studied by using a rice-duck symbiotic ecosystem. The results showed that the content of the dissolved oxygen in surface water layer was significantly improved when a relativdy earlier stocking of duck with the density of 200 duck/hm^2 was conducted （as the date July 10 and July 17）. The concentration of surface soil organic carbon, nitrate ions, organic carbon and ammonium nitrogen were increased when the ducks were stocked at the date of July 17 and July 24. The control rate of farmland weeds in rice-duck field was 900/4o. The occurrence of rice planthoppers per 50 point of duck-rice field, matrine field and conventional insecticide-spraying field were below 200 head, below 300 head and below 350 head, respectively. The spider communities in rice-duck field were less than that in biocontrol field and chemical control field. The ducks raised in rice field can enhance the ability of lodging-resistance of rice.