玉米小斑病发生前期化学防治初步研究

Chemical Prevention and Treatment of Maize Southern Leaf Blight at Early Growth Season

玉米小斑病是我国玉米产区的重要病害之一,多发生于我国温暖潮湿的产区,一般造成减产15%～20%,减产严重时甚至无收。为了在生育前期对生育后期发生的小斑病进行有效防治,本文通过平板抑菌、温室和田间接种试验筛选11种化学杀菌剂或木霉菌生防制剂。结果表明:H04木霉菌制剂、甲基托布津、烯酰吗啉-锰锌3种药剂对玉米小斑病菌有较强的抑制作用,抑制率均达到80%以上,在温室和田间对玉米小斑病有较好的防治效果。

Southern leaf blight is one of main diseases in maize growing area of China,usually occurs in the warm damp area. It reduced maize yield ranging from 15% to 20%, even caused complete loss. To control southern leaf blight caused by Bipolaris maydis at early crop growth season （at bell stage）, 9 chemical fungicides and 2 Trichoderma fungicides were screened through plate test,greenhouse experiment and field trials. The results showed that Trichoderma H04, thiophanate-methyl and dimethomorph-mancozeb had suppressing action on Bipolaria maydis, the inhibition ratios were 80%. They displayed significant preventing functions to maize southern blight in the greenhouse and field conditions.