CE图:一种余热利用循环及工质选择的定量评价方法

CEDiagram:A Quantitative Evaluation Criterion for Waste Heat Recovery Power System and Working Fluids with Applications

鉴于当前余热利用循环的系统优劣性评价和工质筛选缺乏定量的方法和评价准则，以帕累托最优解为基本思想，以多目标函数遗传算法为实现手段，在综合考虑年度经济收益及能量利用效率的基础上，提出了余热利用评价火用效率一年度现金流量双效图（以下简称CE图），给出了CE图的制作方法，分析说明了CE图中各特殊点的意义。以两种常见的余热利用循环系统～一基本有机朗肯循环和内回热有机朗肯循环为例，采用30种常见有机工质，在100～300℃之间的不同余热温度下解释说明了所提出的CE图如何用来评价余热利用循环系统的优劣性，以及如何用来进行工质的筛选。对不同系统、不同工质CE图的对比方法进行了阐述，并且对CE图在余热利用领域的进一步开发利用进行了展望。

On the basis of the concept of Pareto optimum solution to the multi-object function and the comprehensive considerations of both annual cash-flow and energy utilization efficiency, a double-efficiency diagram of annual cash flow-exergy efficiency （CE） was proposed by the implementation of the multi-objectives genetic algorithm. For the CE diagram, the graphing method was described, and the meaning of endpoints was analyzed. 30 chlorine-absent working fluids were employed and tested under different working conditions. Typical ORC systems （i. e. basic organic Rankine cycle, BORC, and organic Rankine cycle with internal heat exchanger, IHORC） were both studied as examples. The proposed method can be used for working fluids selection and thermodynamic system comparison, and case studies were given by segmenting the CE diagrams into different parts. In addition, an outlook for the further applications of CE was presented. The proposed quantitative method would be applicable to any closed loop waste heat recovery thermodynamic system and working fluids.