安太堡露天矿复垦地不同人工植被恢复下的土壤酶活性和肥力比较

Comparison of Soil Fertility Among Open-pit Mine Reclaimed Lands in Antaibao Regenerated with Different Vegetation Types

人工重建植被是露天矿复垦地植被恢复,提高土壤质量的主要途径之一.选择适宜的人工植被对快速恢复土壤质量具有重要意义.本文主要研究了安太堡露天矿复垦地油松-刺槐-柠条混交林、沙棘-刺槐-柠条-沙枣混交林和苜蓿地的土壤养分含量及酶活性,综合评价了这3种不同植被类型对土壤肥力恢复效果.结果表明,随着植被恢复的进行,土壤养分含量均有增加,油松-刺槐-柠条混交林的土壤养分含量显著高于其它样地.从以养分含量和酶活性权重计算的土壤综合肥力指标值(IFI)可知,油松-刺槐-柠条混交林IFI值最高.综合来看,对土壤重建效果最好的为油松-刺槐-柠条混交林,其次是沙棘-刺槐-柠条-沙枣混交林,再次为苜蓿.

Re-vegetation is mainly applied into regeneration in opencast mine to improve the soil quality.It is very important to choose feasible vegetation types for soil restoration.In this study,three typical forest restoration types were studied at Antaibao mine,namely,Medicago sativa,mixed forests Pinus taebelaefolius-Robinia pseudoacacia-Caragana korshinskii and Elaeagnus angustifolia-Robinia pseudoacacia-Caragana korshinskii-Hipophae rhamnoides,to determine the nutrient contents and enzyme activities in different soil layers.The results showed that re-vegetation markedly increased soil nutrient contents and the enzyme activities during the restoration process.The nutrient content of soil in the P.taebelaefolius-R.pseudoacacia-C.korshinskii mixed forest field was significantly higher than those in other plots.It was found that the soil of the P.taebelaefolius-R.pseudoacacia-C.korshinskii mixed forest had the highest integrated fertility index values.In conclusion,the restoration effects of the P.taebelaefolius-R.pseudoacacia-C.Korshinskii mixed forest was better than that of E.angustifolia-R.pseudoacacia-C.korshinskii-H.rhamnoides,while M.sativa grassland had the least effect.